Vulnerability Monitor

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CVE-2022-30525

A OS command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel USG FLEX 100(W) firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 200 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 500 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 700 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 50(W) firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG20(W)-VPN firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.21 Patch 1, which could allow an attacker to modify specific files and then execute some OS commands on a vulnerable device.

Security Impact Summary

This vulnerability carries a CRITICAL severity rating with a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.8, indicating it can be exploited remotely over the network with relatively low complexity without requiring user interaction and does not require pre-existing privileges . The vulnerability impacts confidentiality (data exposure), integrity (unauthorized modifications), and availability (service disruption) for affected systems. Impacting 32 products from zyxel, from zyxel, from zyxel and 29 others, organizations running these solutions should prioritize assessment and patching.

Historical Context

Reported in 2022, this vulnerability emerged during an era marked by increased sophistication in supply chain attacks, cloud infrastructure vulnerabilities, and software-as-a-service (SaaS) security challenges. Security practices during this period emphasized zero-trust architectures, container security, and API protection.

Published

2022-05-12T14:15:07.053

Last Modified

2025-10-27T17:04:31.950

Status

Analyzed

Source

[email protected]

Severity

CVSSv3.1: 9.8 (CRITICAL)

CVSSv2 Vector

AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C

Access Vector: NETWORK
Access Complexity: LOW
Authentication: NONE
Confidentiality Impact: COMPLETE
Integrity Impact: COMPLETE
Availability Impact: COMPLETE

Exploitability Score

10.0

Impact Score

10.0

Weaknesses

Type: Secondary
CWE-78
Type: Primary
CWE-78

Affected Vendors & Products

Type	Vendor	Product	Version/Range	Vulnerable?
Operating System	zyxel	usg_flex_100w_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	usg_flex_100w	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	usg_flex_200_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	usg_flex_200	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	usg_flex_500_firmware	≤ 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	usg_flex_500	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	usg_flex_700_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	usg_flex_700	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	vpn100_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	vpn100	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	vpn1000_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	vpn1000	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	vpn300_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	vpn300	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	vpn50_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	vpn50	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	atp100_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	atp100	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	atp100w_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	atp100w	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	atp200_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	atp200	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	atp500_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	atp500	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	atp700_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	atp700	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	atp800_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	atp800	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	usg_flex_50w_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	usg_flex_50w	-	No
Operating System	zyxel	usg20w-vpn_firmware	< 5.30	Yes
Hardware	zyxel	usg20w-vpn	-	No

References

http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167176/Zyxel-Remote-Command-Execution.html Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry ([email protected])
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167182/Zyxel-Firewall-ZTP-Unauthenticated-Command-Injection.html Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry ([email protected])
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167372/Zyxel-USG-FLEX-5.21-Command-Injection.html Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry ([email protected])
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/168202/Zyxel-Firewall-SUID-Binary-Privilege-Escalation.html Exploit, Third Party Advisory ([email protected])
https://www.zyxel.com/support/Zyxel-security-advisory-for-OS-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls.shtml Vendor Advisory ([email protected])
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167176/Zyxel-Remote-Command-Execution.html Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry (af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108)
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167182/Zyxel-Firewall-ZTP-Unauthenticated-Command-Injection.html Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry (af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108)
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167372/Zyxel-USG-FLEX-5.21-Command-Injection.html Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry (af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108)
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/168202/Zyxel-Firewall-SUID-Binary-Privilege-Escalation.html Exploit, Third Party Advisory (af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108)
https://www.zyxel.com/support/Zyxel-security-advisory-for-OS-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls.shtml Vendor Advisory (af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108)
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-30525 US Government Resource (134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0)

How SecUtils Interprets This CVE

SecUtils normalizes and enriches National Vulnerability Database (NVD) records by standardizing vendor and product identifiers, aggregating vulnerability metadata from both NVD and MITRE sources, and providing structured context for security teams. For zyxel's affected products, we extract Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) data, Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) classifications, CVSS severity metrics, and reference data to enable rapid vulnerability prioritization and asset correlation. This record contains no exploit code, proof-of-concept instructions, or attack methodologies—only defensive intelligence necessary for patch management, risk assessment, and security operations.