curl's websocket code did not update the 32 bit mask pattern for each new outgoing frame as the specification says. Instead it used a fixed mask that persisted and was used throughout the entire connection. A predictable mask pattern allows for a malicious server to induce traffic between the two communicating parties that could be interpreted by an involved proxy (configured or transparent) as genuine, real, HTTP traffic with content and thereby poison its cache. That cached poisoned content could then be served to all users of that proxy.
2025-09-12T06:15:40.020
2026-01-20T14:55:47.997
Analyzed
2499f714-1537-4658-8207-48ae4bb9eae9
CVSSv3.1: 5.3 (MEDIUM)